高尔夫规则官方指南2019版（中英文）之规则3

Rule 3 The Competition

规则3 高尔夫球比赛

Purpose of Rule:

目的

Rule 3 covers the three central elements of all golf competitions:

规则3阐述了高尔夫球比赛的三个核心要素，即：

Playing either match play or stroke play.

比洞赛或比杆赛

Playing either as an individual or with a partner as part of a side, and

个人参赛或与其它伙伴结成一方参赛

Scoring either by gross scores (no handicap strokes applied) or net scores (handicap strokes applied).

按总杆成绩（不运用差点杆数）计分或用净杆成绩（运用差点杆数）计分

3.1 Central Elements of Every Competition

高尔夫球比赛的核心要素

3.1a Form of Play: Match Play or Stroke Play

赛制：比洞赛或比杆赛

(1) Match Play or Regular Stroke Play. There are very different forms of play:

比洞赛或常规比杆赛。它们是两种差异很大的赛制：

In match play (see Rule 3.2), a player and an opponent compete against each other based on holes won, lost or tied.

比洞赛中（参见规则3.2），一名球员和一名对手以各洞的结果（胜、负、平）相互竞争。

In the regular form of stroke play (see Rule 3.3), all players compete with one another based on the total score – that is, adding up each player’s total number of strokes (including strokes made and penalty strokes) on each hole in all rounds.

常规比杆赛中（参见规则3.3），所有球员根据自己的总杆成绩相互竞争。总杆成绩就是各个球员在其所有轮次中完成各洞的杆数（包括击球次数和罚杆）之和。

Most of the Rules apply in both forms of play, but certain Rules apply in only one or the other.

大多数规则同时适用于这两种赛制，但是也有些规则仅适用于其中的一种。

See Committee Procedures, Section 6C (considerations for the Committee if it runs a competition that combines the two forms of play in a single round).

参见委员会的处置程序，第6C部分（在单轮比赛中，委员会运作结合两种赛制的比赛时需要考虑的因素）。

(2) Other Forms of Stroke Play. Rule 21 convers other forms of stroke play (Stableford, Maximum Score and Par/Bogey) that use a different scoring method. Rules 1-20 apply in these forms of play, as modified by Rule 21.

其它比杆赛赛制。规则21阐述了一些使用其它计分方法的比杆赛赛制（定分式比赛、封顶赛、标准杆比赛/波基比赛）。规则1~20仍适用于这些赛制，但是规则21进行了适度调整。

3.1b How Players Compete: Playing as an Individual or as Partners

球员参赛方式：个人或伙伴

Golf is played either by individual players competing on their own or by partners competing together as a side.

在高尔夫球比赛中，球员要么单独参赛，要么结成伙伴作为一方参赛。

Although Rules 1-20 focus on individual play, they also apply:

尽管规则1~20主要阐述的是个人赛，但它们同时也适用于以下比赛：

In competitions involving partners (Foursomes and Four-Ball), as modified by Rules 22 and 23, and

涉及伙伴的比赛（四人两球赛和四球赛），但规则22和规则23进行了适度调整。

In team competitions, as modified by Rule 24.

在团体赛中，但规则24进行了适度调整。

3.1c How Players Score: Gross Scores or Net Scores

球员计分的方式：总杆成绩或净杆成绩

(1) Scratch Competitions. In a scratch competition:

无差点比赛。在无差点比赛中：

The player’s “gross score” for a hole or the round is his or her total number of strokes (including strokes made and penalty strokes).

球员在一个球洞或一轮比赛中的“总杆成绩”指的是其杆数的总和（包括击球次数和罚杆）。

The player’s handicap is not applied.

球员的差点不予计算。

(2) Handicap Competitions. In a handicap competition:

差点比赛。在差点比赛中:

The player’s “net score” for a hole or the round is the gross score adjusted for the player’s handicap strokes.

球员在一个球洞或一轮比赛中的“净杆成绩”指的是按照其差点杆数校正后的总杆成绩。

This is done so that players of differing abilities can compete in a fair way.

这种方式使得不同水平的球员可以一起公平地竞争。

3.2 Match Play

比洞赛

Purpose of Rule:

目的

Match play has specific Rules (particularly about concessions and giving information about the number of strokes taken) because the player and opponent:

因为以下原因，比洞赛有一些特定的规则（尤其是关于认可/认输和提供已打杆数的信息方面）：

Compete solely against each other on every hole,

各个球洞都只有球员与其对手相互之间的对抗

Can see each other’s play, and

球员和对手可以看到相互之间的比赛

Can protect their own interests.

球员和对手可以保护自己的利益

3.2a Result of Hole and Match

一洞和一场比赛的结果

(1) Winning a Hole. A player wins a hole when:

赢一洞。球员在以下任一情形下赢一洞：

The player completes the hole in fewer strokes (including strokes made and penalty strokes) than the opponent,

球员用比对手更少的杆数（包括击球杆数和罚杆）完成该洞

The opponent concedes the hole, or

对手在该洞认输

The opponent gets the general penalty (loss of hole).

对手受到一般性处罚（本洞负）

If the opponent’s ball in motion needs to be holed to tie the hole and the ball is deliberately deflected or stopped by any person at a time when there is no reasonable chance it can be holed (such as when the ball has rolled past the hole and will not roll back there), the result of the hole has been decided and the player wins the hole (see Rule 11.2a, Exception).

如果对手的运动中球需要进洞才能在这个洞打平，当这个球几乎没有进洞的可能时（例如这个球已经滚过球洞且不会再滚回来），此时他被任何人在任何时间故意变相或停止，那么该洞的结果即已确定，球员在该洞获胜（参见规则11.2a的例外）。

(2) Tying a Hole. A hole is tied (also known as “halved”) when:

平一洞。以下任一情形下，双方在一洞打平：

The player and opponent complete the hole in the same number of strokes (including strokes made and penalty strokes), or

球员和对手用相同的杆数（包括击球次数和罚杆）完成该洞

The player and opponent agree to treat the hole as tied (but this is allowed only after at least one of the players has made a stroke to begin the hole).

球员和对手同意该洞打平（但是，只有双方至少有一人已经进行了一次击球以开始该洞的比赛后才允许这么做）。

(3) Winning a Match. A player wins a match when:

赢一场。以下任一情形下，球员在一场比赛中获胜：

The player leads the opponent by more holes than remain to be played,

球员领先对手的洞数多于尚未打的洞数

The opponent concedes the match, or

对手认输该场比赛

The opponent is disqualified.

对手被取消资格

(4) Extending a Tied Match. If a match is tied after the final hole:

延长平局。如果最后一洞过后比赛仍是平局：

The match is extended one hole at a time until there is a winner. See Rule 5.1 (an extended match is continuation of the same round, not a new round).

该场比赛将逐洞延长直至产生获胜者。参见规则5.1（延长赛是同一轮比赛的延续，而非新的一轮）。

The holes are played in the same order as in the round, unless the Committee sets a different order.

除非委员会另行规定，否则延长赛用这一轮比赛各球洞的原有顺序进行。

But the Terms of the Competition may say that the match will end in a tie rather than be extended.

但是竞赛规程可以规定比洞赛以平局结束，无须延长。

(5) When Result is Final. The result of a match becomes final in the way stated by the Committee (which should be set out in the Terms of the Competition), such as:

确定最终结果的时机。一场比赛的结果由按照委员会公布的方式予以确定（应当在竞赛规程中对此予以说明），例如：

When the result is recorded on an official scoreboard or other identified place, or

当结果被记录在官方成绩板上或其它指定的地方后

When the result is reported to a person identified by the Committee.

当结果被报告给委员会指定的人员后

See Committee Procedures, Section 5A(7) (recommendations on how the result of a match becomes final).

参见委员会处置程序，第5A（7）部分（关于确定最终比赛结果方式的建议）。

3.2b Concessions

认可/认输

(1) Player May Concede Stroke, Hole or Match. A player may concede the opponent’s next stroke, a hole or the match:

球员可以认可一次击球、认输一洞或一场比赛。球员可以认可对手的下一杆、向对手认输一洞或一场比赛：

Conceding Next Stroke. This is allowed any time before the opponent’s next stroke is made.

认可下一次击球。在对手进行下一次击球之前，任何时候都允许这样做。

>> The opponent has then completed the hole with a score that includes that conceded stroke, and the ball may be removed by anyone.

做出认可后，对手已经完成该洞，其成绩包括被认可的这次击球，任何人均可移走这个球。

>> A concession made while the opponent’s ball is still in motion after the previous stroke applies to the opponent’s next stroke, unless the ball is holed (in which case the concession does not matter).

当对手的上一杆击球还在运动当中时做出的认可适用于对手的下一杆，除非这个球进洞（这种情况下的认可没有意义），

>> The player may concede the opponent’s next stroke by deflecting or stopping the opponent’s ball in motion only if that is done specifically to concede the next stroke and only when there is no reasonable chance the ball can be holed.

球员可以用变向或停止对手的运动中球的方式认可对手的下一次击球，但只有专门为了认可下一次击球并且这个球几乎没有进洞的可能才可以这样做。

Conceding a Hole. This is allowed any time before the hole is competed (see Rule 6.5), including before the players start the hole.

认输一洞。完成一洞之前（参见规则6.5），包括球员开始该洞之前，任何时候都允许认输该洞。

Conceding the Match. This is allowed any time before the result of the match is decided (see Rules 3.2a(3) and (4)), including before the players start the match.

认输一场比赛。一场比赛的结果确定之前（参见规则3.2a(3)和(4)），包括球员开始该场比赛之前，任何时候都允许认输该场比赛。

Rule 3.2b(1) Interpretations:

规则3.2b(1)释义

3.2b(1)/1 – Players Must Not Concede Holes to Deliberately Shorten a Match

球员不得为了故意缩短比赛而认输一些球洞的比赛

Although a player is allowed to concede a hole to his or her opponent at any time before that hole is complete, a player and opponent are not allowed to agree to concede holes to each other to deliberately shorten the match.

尽管规则允许球员在完成一洞之前的任何时候向他/她的对手认输该洞，但球员和对手不得为了故意缩短比赛而协商相互认输一些球洞的比赛。

For example, before starting a match, a player and his or her opponent agree to alternate the concession of holes 6, 7, 8 and 9 to each another.

例如，在比洞赛开始前，球员和他/她的对手协商轮换向彼此认输第6、7、8和9洞。

If they know that the Rules do not allow them to make concessions in this way and start the match without cancelling the agreement, both players are disqualified under Rule 1.3b(1) (Player Responsibility for Applying the Rules).

如果他们知道规则不允许他们以这样的方式做出认输，并且没有取消这一协商就开始了比赛，则这些球员都要按照规则1.3b(1)（球员执行规则的责任）被取消资格。

If the players are unaware that this is not allowed, the match stands as played.

如果这些球员不知道规则不允许这样做，则比赛结果有效。

(2) How Concessions Are Made. A concession is made only when clearly communicated:

认输一洞/一场比赛的方式。只有清晰的沟通才能构成认可/认输。

This can be done either verbally or by an action that clearly shows the player’s intent to concede the stroke, the hole or the match (such as making a gesture).

可以通过语言或行为做出认可/认输，但语言或行为要明确表示球员认可下一次击球、认输一洞或一场比赛的意图（如使用手势）。

If the opponent lifts his or her ball in breach of a Rule because of a reasonable misunderstanding that the player’s statement or action was a concession of the net stroke or a hole or the match, there is no penalty and the ball must be replaced on its original spot (which if not known must be estimated) (see Rule 14.2).

如果对手出于合理的原因误认为球员的言语或行为是认可下一次击球、认输该洞或该场比赛并因此而违规拿起自己的球，不受处罚，但是这个球必须被放置回初始位置（如果不知道必须估计）（参见规则14.2）。

A concession is final and cannot be declined or withdrawn.

认可/认输是最终的结果，不得拒绝，也不得撤回。

Rule 3.2b(2) Interpretations:

规则3.2b(2)释义

3.2b(2)/1 – Concession Is Not Valid When Caddie Attempts to Make Concession

当球童试图做出认可/认输时，所做的认可/认输无效

One of the actions a caddie is not allowed to take is to concede the next stroke, a hole or the match to the opponent. If a caddie attempts to concede, that concession is not valid. There is no penalty to the player for this action of the caddie since Rule 10.3b(3) (Actions Not Allowed By Caddie) does not specify a penalty.

球童不被允许的行为之一是认可对手的下一次击球、向对手认输一洞或一场比赛。当球童试图做出认可/认输时，所做的认可/认输是无效的。由于规则10.3b(3)（球童不被允许的行为）没有规定相应的处罚，所以不会因为球童的这个行为而对球员施加处罚，。

If the opponent takes an action based on the caddie’s attempt to concede, such as lifting a ball in play or a ball-marker, this would be a reasonable misunderstanding under Rule 3.2b(2). There is no penalty and the ball or ball-marker must be replaced unless the player then makes a concession.

如果对手根据球童试图做出的认可/认输采取了行动，例如拿起了比赛中球或球标，这种情况属于符合规则3.2b(2)的合理的误解。不施加处罚，并且这个球或者球标必须被放置回原位，但是该球员随后做出了认可/认输时除外。

However, if the caddie who made the invalid concession lifted the opponent’s ball or ball-marker or the ball or ball-marker of his or her player, that caddie’s player would get a penalty if that act was a breach of Rule 9.4 or Rule 9.5.

但是，当做出无效认可/认输的这名球童拿起了对手的球或者球标，或者他/她的球员的球或者球标时，如果该行为违反了规则9.4或者规则9.5，那么这名球童所服务的球员要受到处罚。

3.2c Applying Handicaps in Handicap Match

在差点比洞赛中运用差点

(1) Declaring Handicaps. The player and opponent should tell each other their handicaps before the match.

宣布差点。比赛开始前，球员和对手应相互告知自己的差点。

If a player declares a wrong handicap either before or during the match and does not correct the mistake before th9e opponent makes his or her next stroke:

如果球员在这场比赛开始前或进行中宣布了错误的差点，并且在对手进行下一次击球之前没有纠正此错误，按照以下方式处理：

Declared Handicap Too High. The player is disqualified if this affects the number of strokes the player gives or gets. If it does not, there is no penalty.

宣布的差点过高。如果影响到球员给出或接受的杆数，该球员被取消资格。否则，不受处罚。

Declared Handicap Too Low. There is no penalty and the player must play off the declared lower handicap.

宣布的差点过低。不受处罚，该员必须用已宣布的过低的差点完成比赛。

Rule 3.2c(1) Interpretations:

规则3.2c(1)释义

3.2c(1)/1 – Declaring Higher Handicap Is a Breach Even If Affected Hole Has Not Been Played

即使受影响的球洞的比赛尚未开始，宣布虚高的差点仍构成违规，

If a player declares a higher handicap to his or her opponent before playing the hole that would be affected, the player is still disqualified since this could have affected the opponent’s strategy.

球员的差点对某个球洞的比赛结果有影响时，如果球员在进行这一洞比赛之前向他/她的对手宣布了虚高的差点，那么该球员仍然要被取消资格，因为这可能已经影响到了该对手的比赛策略。

For example, while waiting on the first tee to start the match, Player A declares that his or her handicap is 12, when it is really 11. Player B declared that his or her handicap is 10, and Player B makes a stroke to start play of the 1st hole.

例如，比洞赛中，在第一个发球区等待开始比赛期间，球员A宣布他/她的差点是12，而实际应当是11。球员B宣布他/她的差点是10，然后球员B击球开始了第1洞的比赛。

Player A is disqualified under Rule 3.2c(1) because Player B made a stroke in the match with the understanding that Player A gets two handicap strokes.

球员A要按照规则3.2c(1)被取消资格，因为球员B是在认为球员A接受了2个差点杆数的情况下进行了击球。

(2) Holes Where Handicap Strokes Applied.

运用差点杆数的球洞

Handicap strokes are given by hole, and the lower net score wins the hole.

差点杆数按球洞分配，净杆成绩较低者在该洞获胜。

If a tied match is extended, handicap strokes are given by hole in the same way as in the round (unless the Committee sets a different way of doing so).

如果延长平局，差点杆数仍然按照球洞进行分配，方式与这一轮比赛一致（除非委员会规定了其它分配方式）。

Each player is responsible for knowing the holes where he or she gives or gets handicap strokes, based on the stroke index allocation set by the Committee (which is usually found on the scorecard).

每一名球员都有责任知晓他/她在哪些球洞给予或接受差点杆数，这取决于委员会设定的让杆分配表（通常写在计分卡上）。

If the players mistakenly apply handicap strokes on a hole, the agreed result of the hole stands, unless the players correct that mistake in time (see Rule 3.2d(3)).

如果球员们在某个球洞错误地应用了差点杆数，那么除非他们及时对错误进行纠正（参见规则3.2d(3)），否则已经同意的该洞的结果有效。

Rule 3.2c(2) Interpretations:

规则3.2c(2)释义

3.2c(2)/1 – Handicap Stroke Not Applied During a Match Is Discovered Later In Match

比洞赛结束前发现在比赛期间未运用差点杆数

Handicap strokes that a player fails to apply are treated in the same way as those that are mistakenly applied.

球员未运用差点杆数要按照与错误运用差点杆数相同的方式进行处置。

3.2d Responsibilities of Player and Opponent

球员和对手的责任

(1) Telling Opponent about Number of Strokes Taken. At any time during play of a hole or after the hole is completed, the opponent may ask the player for the number of strokes (including strokes made and penalty strokes) the player has taken on the hole.

告诉对手已打杆数。一洞比赛期间或完成这个洞后的任何时候，对手都可以向球员询问他/她已经在该洞打的杆数（包括击球次数和罚杆数）。

This is to allow the opponent to decide how to play the next stroke and the rest of the hole, or to confirm the result of the hole just completed.

这是为了允许对手决定如何进行下一次击球和打该洞的剩余部分，或者确定刚完成的球洞的结果。

When asked for the number of strokes taken, or when giving that information without being asked:

被问及已打杆数时，或者虽未被问及但主动提供此信息时：

The player must give the right number of strokes taken.

球员必须提供正确的已打杆数。

A player who fails to respond to the opponent’s request is treated as giving the wrong number of strokes taken.

不回复对手请求的球员被视作提供了错误的已打杆数。

The player gets the general penalty (loss of hole) if he or she gives the opponent the wrong number of strokes taken, unless the player corrects that mistake in time:

如果球员向对手提供错误的已打杆数，他/她要受一般性处罚（该洞负），除非球员按照以下方式及时纠正了这个错误：

Wrong Number of Strokes Given While Playing Hole. The player must give the right number of strokes taken before the opponent makes another stroke or takes a similar action (such as conceding the player’s next stroke or the hole).

一洞比赛期间提供错误的已打杆数。该球员必须在对手进行下一次击球或采取类似的行动之前（如认可球员的下一次击球或认输该洞）之前，提供正确的已打杆数。

Wrong Number of Strokes Given After Hole Completed. The player must give the right number of strokes taken:

完成一洞后提供错误的已打杆数。该球员必须在下列时间提供正确的已打杆数：

>> Before either player makes a stroke to begin another hole or takes a similar action (such as conceding the next hole or the match) or,

两名球员中任何一人击球以开始另一个球洞的比赛或采取类似的行动（如认可下一次击球或认输该场比赛）之前；

>> For the final hole of the match, before the result of the match is final (see Rule 3.2a(5)).

如果是该场比赛的最后一个球洞，在比赛结果被最终确定之前（参见规则3.2a(5)）。

Exception – No Penalty If No Effect on Result of Hole: If the player gives the wrong number of strokes taken after a hole is completed but this does not affect the opponent’s understanding of whether the hole was won, lost or tied, there is no penalty.

例外 – 对该洞结果没影响时不予处罚。如果球员在完成一洞后提供了错误的已打杆数，但是并没有影响到对手对该洞胜、负或平局结果的理解，则不受处罚。

Rule 3.2d(1) Interpretations:

规则3.2s(1)释义

3.2d(1)/1 – Number of Strokes Taken During Play of a Hole Does Not Need to Be Given by Player If It Is the Player’s Turn to Play

一洞比赛期间，如果是轮到球员打球时，该球员不必提供已打杆数

If the opponent asks the player for the number of strokes taken when it is the player’s turn to play, the player is not required to give this information right away.

当轮到球员打球时，如果其对手向该球员询问已打杆数，该球员不必立即提供这一信息。

Th player is required to provide the number of strokes taken only before the opponent makes his or her next stroke or takes a similar action. The player may play his or her shot before giving such information.

规则仅要求该球员要在其对手进行他/她的下一次击球或采取类似行动之前向其提供已打杆数。该球员可以在提供这个信息之前先完成他/她的击球。

3.2d(1)/2 – Meaning of the “No Penalty If No Effect on Result of Hole” Exception

“对该洞的结果没有影响时不予处罚”这一例外的意思

During play of a hole, a player must give the right number of strokes taken so his or her opponent can decide how to play the hole. However, after a hole is completed, if a player gives the wrong number of strokes taken, there is no penalty under the Exception to Rule 3.2d(1) if doing so did not affect the opponent’s understanding of whether the hole was won, lost or tied.

一洞比赛期间，球员必须提供正确的已打杆数以便他/她的对手能够决定这一洞的比赛策略。但是，在一洞比赛完成后，球员提供了错误的已打杆数时，如果这样作并未影响到其对手对该洞胜、负或平局结果的理解，则按照规则3.2d(1)的【例外】不施加处罚。

For example, after completing a hole at which the opponent scored a 7, the player mistakenly states that he or she scored a 5, when the player actually scored a 6. After starting the next hole, the player realizes that he or she scored a 6. Since the wrong number of strokes taken did not change the fact that the player had won the hole, there is no penalty.

例如，完成一洞比赛后，对手在该洞的成绩是7杆，球员错误地声明自己的成绩是5杆，但实际上该球员的成绩是6杆。在开始了下一洞的比赛后，该球员意识到了他/她上一洞的成绩是6杆。由于这个错误的已打杆数没有改变该球员在上一洞胜的事实，所以不施加处罚。

3.2d(1)/3 – Wrong Number of Strokes Given by Player After Hole Completed and the Mistake Is Discovered Several Holes Later

球员完成一洞比赛后提供了错误的杆数，这个错误在几洞比赛后被发现

If a player gives the wrong number of strokes taken after a hole is completed, the player gets the general penalty if the mistake affects the result of the hole and is not corrected in time. In such a case, the match score must be corrected.

当球员在一洞比赛完成后提供了错误的已打杆数时，如果这个错误影响到了这个球洞的比赛结果，并且没有被及时纠正，则该球员要受到一般性处罚。在这种情况下，必须对比赛成绩进行更正。

For example, after completing the 1st hole the player tells the opponent that he or she scored a 4 but actually scored a 5. The opponent scored a 5 on the hole. After playing several more holes, the player realizes that he or she gave the opponent the wrong number of strokes taken on the 1st hole.

例如，完成1号洞的比赛后，球员告诉其对手，他/她的成绩是4杆，但是实际上成绩是5杆。其对手在这个球洞的成绩是5杆。打了几个球洞的比赛后，该球员意识到他/她向其对手提供了错误的1号洞的已打杆数。

Even though the hole would have been a tie if the right number of strokes taken had been given, the player gets a loss-of-hole penalty on the first hole because the mistake affected the understanding of the result of the hole. The match score must be corrected.

虽然如果该球员已经提供了1号洞的正确的已打杆数的话，这个洞的比赛结果原本应当是平局，但是该球员要在1号洞受到本洞负的处罚，因为这个错误影响到了对该洞比赛结果的理解。比洞赛的成绩必须被纠正。

3.2d(1)/4 – Wrong Number of Strokes Given by Player After Hole Completed and the Mistake Is Discovered After Result of the Match Is Final

球员完成一洞比赛后提供了错误的已打杆数，这个错误在比赛结果确定后被发现

If a player unknowingly gives the wrong number of strokes taken after a hole is completed but the mistake is not realized until after the result of the match is final (Rule 3.2a(5) – When Result Is Final), the result of the match stands as played.

如果球员在完成一洞比赛后无意中提供了错误的已打杆数，但是这个错误直到比赛结果确定后才被意识到（规则3.2a(5) – 确定最终结果的时机），则比洞赛的结果保持不变。

For example, after completing the 17th hole, the player tells the opponent that he or she scored a 3, but actually scored a 4. The opponent scored a 4 on the hole. The players play the 18th hole, and the result of the player winning the match 1 up is made final. The player then realizes that he or she gave the opponent the wrong number of strokes taken on the 17th hole.

例如，完成17号洞后，球员告诉其对手他/她的成绩是3杆，但实际上成绩是4杆。其对手在这个洞的成绩是4杆。球员们继续打完了18号洞，比赛结果是该球员领先1洞本场比赛胜并得到确定。之后，该球员意识到他/她向其对手提供了错误的17号洞的已打杆数。

Because the player unknowingly gave the wrong number of strokes and the result of the match is final, there is no penalty and the match result stands, with the player as the winner (Rule 20.1b(3) – Ruling Request Made After Result of Match Is Final).

因为该球员是无意中提供了错误的已打杆数，并且比赛结果已经被确定，所以对该球员不施加处罚，并且比洞赛的结果保持不变，该球员是这场比洞赛的获胜者（规则20.1b(3) – 最终比赛结果确定后提出判决请求）。

3.2d(1)/5 – Changing Mind About Taking Penalty Relief Is Not Giving Wrong Number of Strokes Taken

改变采取罚杆补救的想法不属于提供错误的已打杆数

The right number of strokes taken means only the strokes a player has already made and any penalty strokes already received.

正确的已打杆数仅指球员已经完成的击球次数和任何已经受到的罚杆。

For example, the player’s ball lies in a penalty area and the opponent asks how the player intends to proceed. Although not required to answer the question, the player advises that he or she will take penalty relief. After the opponent plays, the player decides to play the ball as it lies in the penalty area.

例如，球员的球停在罚杆区内，对手问球员打算如何处理。尽管规则不要求球员回答这个问题，但该球员表示他/她准备采取罚杆补救。对手打完球后，该球员决定在罚杆区内球的现有位置打球。

The player was entitled to change his or her mind and there was no penalty for doing so since stating future intentions is not the same as giving the number of strokes taken.

该球员有权改变他/她的想法，并且规则对这样做不予处罚，因为说出未来的打算不等同于提供了已打杆数。

(2) Telling Opponent about Penalty. When a player gets a penalty:

告诉对手所受处罚。当球员受到处罚后：

The player must tell the opponent about that penalty as soon as reasonably possible, taking into account how near the player is to the opponent and other practical factors.

他/她必须在条件允许时尽快告诉对手自己所受的处罚，此时要考虑到球员和对手之间的距离以及其他一些现实因素。

This requirement applies even if the player does not know about the penalty (because players are expected to recognize when they breached a Rule).

即使球员不知道所受的处罚，本规定同样适用（因为球员应该认识到自己已经违反了规则）。

If the player fails to do so and does not correct that mistake before the opponent makes another stroke or takes a similar action (such as conceding the player’s next stroke or the hole), the player gets the general penalty (loss of hole).

如果球员没有这样做，并且在对手进行下一次击球或采取类似行动（如认可球员的下一次击球或认输这个球洞）之前没有纠正错误，他/她要受到一般性处罚（本洞负）。

Exception – No Penalty When Opponent Knew of Player’s Penalty: If the opponent knew that the player had a penalty, such as when seeing the player obviously take penalty relief, the player gets no penalty for failing to tell the opponent about it.

例外 – 对手已经知道球员的处罚：如果对手已经知道球员受到了处罚，例如看到球员明显正在进行罚杆补救，则不会因为未告知这一点而受到处罚。

Rule 3.2d(2) Interpretations:

规则3.2d(2)释义

3.2d(2)/1 – “As Soon as Reasonably Possible” Is Not Always Before the Opponent’s Next Stroke

“在条件允许时尽快“不总是在对手下一次击球之前

The broad phrase of “as soon as reasonably possible” allows for consideration of all relevant circumstances, especially how near the player is to the opponent.

“在条件允许时尽快“这个用词比较宽泛，其目的是要考虑所有的相关情况，尤其是球员和对手之间的距离。

For example, if the player takes unplayable ball relief when the opponent is on the opposite side of the fairway and the opponent plays before the player can walk over to tell the opponent about the penalty, “as soon as reasonably possible” may be while they are walking up to the hole to make their next strokes.

例如，如果球员采取不可打之球的补救时，对手处于球道的另一侧，并且在该球员能够走过去把这个处罚告诉对手之前，对手打了球。在这种情况下，“在条件允许时尽快“可以是在他们走向球洞去进行下一次击球期间。

There is no set procedure for determining what is “as soon as reasonably possible”, but it does not always mean before the opponent makes the next stroke.

规则对判定什么是“在条件允许时尽快“没有硬性规定，但它并不意味着所有情况下都必须是在对手进行下一次击球之前。

(3) Knowing Match Score. The players are expected to know the match score – that is, whether one of them leads by a certain number of holes (“holes up” in the match) or the match is tied (also know as “all square”).

了解本场比赛成绩。球员应该了解本场比赛的成绩——即，他们中的某人是否领先一定的洞数（比赛中，“几洞领先”），还是比赛现在是否为双方打平的局面（也称作“平局”）。

If the players mistakenly agree on a wrong match score:

如果双方球员误就错误的本场比赛成绩达成一致：

They may correct the match score before either player makes a stroke to begin another hole or, for the final hole, before the result of the match is final (see Rule 3.2a(5)).

他们可以在任何一名球员击球以开始另一洞比赛之前纠正本场比赛的成绩。如果是在最后一洞，则可以在比赛结果最终确定之前予以纠正（参见规则3.2a(5)）。

If not corrected in that time, that wrong match score becomes the actual match score.

如果没有在上述时限内纠正，则错误的比赛成绩成为实际比赛成绩。

Exception – When Player Requests Ruling in Time: If the player makes a timely request for a ruling (see Rule 20.1b), and it is found that the opponent either (1) gave the wrong number of strokes taken or (2) failed to tell the player about a penalty, the wrong match score must be corrected.

例外——当球员及时请求判决：如果球员及时请求判决（参见规则20.1b），并发现对手提供了错误的已打杆数，或者没有告诉球员自己所受的处罚时，则必须纠正错误的本场比赛成绩。

Rule 3.2d(3) Interpretations:

规则3.2d(3)释义

3.2d(3)/1 – Deliberately Giving Incorrect Match Score or Failing to Correct Opponent’s Misunderstanding of Match Score May Result in Disqualification

故意提供错误的本场比赛成绩或者不纠正对手对本场比赛成绩的误解，可能导致被取消资格

Rule 3.2d(3) expects players to know the match score, but does not require a player to give the match score to the opponent.

规则3.2d(3)期望球员们了解本场比赛的成绩，但是不要求球员向对手提供本场比赛的成绩。

If a player deliberately gives an incorrect match score or deliberately fails to correct the opponent’s misunderstanding of the match score, he or she has not given the wrong number of strokes taken. But the Committee should disqualify the player under Rule 1.2a (Serious Misconduct).

当球员故意提供了错误的本场比赛成绩或者故意不纠正对手对本场比赛成绩的误解时，他/她并未构成提供错误的已打杆数。但是，委员会应当按照规则1.2a（严重行为不当）将该球员取消资格。

3.2d(3)/2 – Agreement to Wrong Match Score at a Prior Hole Discovered Later in Match

比洞赛结束前发现在之前完成比赛的球洞就错误的本场比赛成绩达成了一致

If a player and his or her opponent agree to a wrong match score, the match score stands. This is not the same as giving an incorrect number of strokes taken.

如果球员和他/她的对手就错误的本场比赛成绩达成了一致时，该比赛成绩保持不变。这不等同于提供了错误的已打杆数。

For example, after the 10th hole, a player mistakenly says to his or her opponent that the match score is tied and his or her opponent agrees to this score. Before starting the 12th hole, the opponent realizes that he or she was actually 1up after the 10th hole and requests a ruling on the basis that the player gave the wrong match score.

例如，完成10号洞后，球员错误地对他/她的对手说本场比赛的成绩是平局，他/她的对手同意了这个成绩。在开始12号洞的比赛之前，对手意识到在完成10号洞之后他/她实际上是领先1洞，并且要求按照该球员提供了错误的本场比赛成绩进行判决。

Players are expected to know the match score and, because the players agreed to the wrong match score and this was not corrected before starting the 11th hole, the wrong match score stands. There is no penalty to the player who mistakenly gave the wrong match score.

规则期望球员们应该了解本场比赛的成绩，并且因为这些球员就错误的本场比赛成绩达成了一致，而且这个错误在开始11号洞的比赛之前没有被纠正，所以这个错误的本场比赛成绩保持不变。规则对错误地提供了不正确的本场比赛成绩的球员不施加处罚。

(4) Protecting Own Rights and Interests. The players in a match should protect their own rights and interests under the Rules:

保护自身的权利和利益。球员应当按照规则保护他们自身在比赛中的权利和利益：

If the player knows or believes that the opponent has breached a Rule that has a penalty, the player may act on the breach or choose to ignore it.

如果球员知道或认为对手违反了某条规则并因此而受到处罚，该球员可以按照对手违规采取行动，也可以选择不予理会。

But if the player and opponent deliberately agree to ignore a breach or penalty they know applies, both players are disqualified under Rule 1.3b.

但是，如果球员和对手故意协商不理会某个他们明知适用的违规或处罚，双方球员都要按照规则1.3b被取消资格。

If the player and opponent disagree whether one of them has breached a Rule, either player may protect his or her rights by asking for a ruling under Rule 20.1b.

如果球员和对手就其中一人是否违规有不同意见，任何一人均可按照规则20.1b请求判决，以保护自身的权利。